Answer: An example of a boundary dispute is the dispute between India and Pakistan over the territory of Kashmir. An example of agglomeration is the concentration of industries in a specific area or region. It can also be on a social scale, based upon factors such as healthcare, education, and people's quality of life. Life expectancy is the amount of time a person is likely to live. B) Describe two social consequences of urbanization, providing an example of each. Development" section in the AP Human Geography Course Description, which includes "accounts of . an index for measurement of gender disparity. Example: cutting down trees for houses, The portion of the economy concerned with manufacturing useful products through processing, transforming, and assembling raw materials. Migration is a process that has significant cultural, social, economic, and political implications for both migrants and the communities they leave and join. AP Human Geography Help Industrialization & Economic Development Contemporary Patterns of Industrialization & Development Uneven Levels of Development Example Question #1 : Uneven Levels Of Development The Core-Periphery Model is used by geographers to describe ___________. Political geography is the study of the spatial distribution of political processes and the impact of these processes on the landscape and human behavior. Answer: Sustainable development is a development model that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. As a result, these countries have become heavily dependent on exports to the U.S. and have become vulnerable to fluctuations in the U.S. economy. True or false: tourism brings only positive factors to Tunisia. Access to high-levels of education and relatively high levels of female empowerment, Access to reliable medical care and sufficient food security, Access to high-level telecommunication and transportation technology, The ability to vote and to buy and sell on an open market. Take a look at the Closing the Development Gap explanation for more on this topic. To show whether a country is developed, there are certain development indicators or Measures of Development. On a separate sheet of paper, match the letter of the term best described by statement below. Check out the examples below to find out more. Answer: Population growth refers to the increase in the number of individuals in a population over time. Warm climates make diseases like malaria or dengue fever more common, causing sickness, and reducing the workforce, limiting economic growth. Additionally, as families become smaller due to access to birth control, family structures may become more nuclear and less extended. It states that as one region of a state flourishes economically it does not necessarily improve the economy of another region, but instead, conversely, diminishes the significance and strength of another region. f. change in quantity demanded Answer: Resource distribution refers to the way in which resources are allocated and accessed in a society. Example: Canada. B) Describe two social or cultural consequences of population growth, providing an example of each. It is a clean and environmentally friendly source of power that does not produce greenhouse gases or other harmful emissions. Development is the improvement of the standard of living of a population. It is a frontier that is not formally part of a state, but the United Kingdom claims the area. (F) Explain the concept of linguistic imperialism and describe one example of its impact on language diversity. The next AP Human Geography test will be held on Tuesday, May 4, 2023, at 8:00 AM. 4) Drive to maturity - New ideas and technology improve and replace older industries, economic growth spreads throughout the country. *Involves more local communities and local workers. F) Explain the concept of assimilation and describe one example of a policy or program designed to promote assimilation among migrants. StudySmarter is commited to creating, free, high quality explainations, opening education to all. (C)Describe one example of a boundary dispute and explain the factors that contribute to boundary disputes. That statement would have been awarded one point. Industrialization, from ancient history to now, has helped power improvements in standards of living in periphery countries, but it has also contributed to geographically uneven . Example: The productivity of a certain car, five steps through which all countries must pass to become developed. For example, life expectancy in the UK in 2019 was 81.20 years old. The effectiveness of such programs may depend on factors such as the availability of resources, the level of community involvement, and the political climate surrounding migration. Need help reviewing for AP HUG?! 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. It is a holistic approach that considers the social, economic, and environmental impacts of development and seeks to balance these three pillars in a way that is equitable and sustainable over the long term. Investing in education and training is one way to improve human capital and promote economic development. Some popular destinations for ecotourism include: National parks and protected areas: These are protected areas of land and sea that are managed to conserve their natural beauty, biodiversity, and cultural values. Maquiladoras are factories located in developing countries that import raw materials and export finished goods. It is where natural resources are located. C) Explain two economic consequences of urbanization, providing an example of each. Economic policies imposed on less developed countries by international agencies to create conditions encouraging international trade. 2) Contagion stage - This is a period of rapid and uncontrolled growth in the number and variety of applications of the particular technology. The core, places like most of Europe and North America, where standards of living are high and most of the worlds products are consumed; the semi-periphery, where most manufacturing centers are and where standards of living are extremely variable; and the periphery, where most raw resources are harvested and people are extremely poor. Life expectancy is generally much higher in HICs. On January 1, 2013, Ameen Company purchased a building for $36 million. There are stark differences between HICs and LICs. (A) Define the concept of the multinational state. Answer: Climate change can impact population growth by leading to increased food and water insecurity, which can exacerbate conflicts and displacement. Sustainable agriculture and food tourism: This type of ecotourism involves visiting farms, wineries, and other food and drink producers to learn about sustainable agriculture practices and to taste local produce. a. d.f. An example of its impact on language diversity is the spread of English as a global language, which has led to the loss of other languages and dialects. Births plus deaths divided by immigration B. One effect of suburbanization is placelessness; this is the feeling that you are in the same place wherever you go because the landscape is homogenous like we discussed in Unit 1. Example: Help keep trade between Mexico and the US. Are we all living equally? Post-Fordist production is a term used to describe the shift away from mass production and towards more flexible, customized, and knowledge-intensive forms of production. G) Analyze the effectiveness of one policy or program designed to address the challenges of population growth and its consequences. Two characteristics of a state are sovereignty, which refers to its ability to govern itself without external interference, and legitimacy, which refers to the recognition of the states authority by its citizens and other states. The deliberate killing of a place through industrial expansion and change, so that its earlier landscape and character are destroyed. Examples include the Great Wall of China, the Pyramids of Giza in Egypt, and the Mayan ruins in Mexico. The SDGs are intended to be integrated and indivisible, meaning that they are interconnected and cannot be achieved in isolation. Refer to the information in the first quick study of this chapter and assume the periodic inventory system is used. %%EOF One historical example of a factor that contributed to population growth is the Industrial Revolution, which led to improvements in public health and increased life expectancy, leading to a population boom. PDF AP Human Geography Unit 1 - Thinking Geographically: Basic Concepts At December 31, 2016, the book value of the building was$28 million and its tax basis was $13 million. Technologies that are appropriate for a specific country. It also references that an economy affects the supply and demand for goods and services. To help you organize your studies, we've provided concise summaries and key terms for each AP Human Geography unit. People in the poorest parts of the world are primarily engaged in _____________. The portion of the economy concerned with the direct extraction of materials from Earth's surface, generally through agriculture, although sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry. For example, the Kurdish people are a nation that is spread across several different states, while the United Kingdom is a state made up of several different nations. Example: Nike, The gross value of the product minus the costs of raw materials and energy. This decline has been due in part to the outsourcing of manufacturing to countries with lower labor costs, as well as automation and other technological changes that have reduced the need for labor. Students examine contemporary spatial patterns of industrialization and the resulting geography of uneven developmentfor example, the differences between urban and rural China or Brazil. Environmental determinists believe that ecological, climatic, and geographical factors alone are responsible for human cultures and individual decisions . Go ahead and read the Changing economic world explanation to understand more about the different types of development indicators and how they are used. 2023 Fiveable Inc. All rights reserved. The Demilitarized Zone between North and South Korea. It is the transfer of products and goods between countries. development that meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. As you can see from the GDP map of the world on the left and the Oxfam image above (click on it to find out more) the world is a very unequal place. In this unit, you will examine how supply and demand affect how a country can improve standards of living and how different economic systems can help citizens of a country gain more or less equality. Introduction: Geography is more than rote memorization: Geographers ask where things are and why they are where they are. The Central African Republic has a current life expectancy of 54.022. Population Distribution: AP Human Geography Crash Course - Albert endstream endobj startxref Although there might be some elements of secondary and tertiary economic activities in these countries, the bulk of secondary economic activities areundertaken by countries in the semi-developed world - like Mexico, China, Brazil, and regions of India. Uneven nature of growth creates a spatial gap . In the 1950s, many countries became independent and removed their colonial ties. People are living in every corner of the world. Be perfectly prepared on time with an individual plan. Are you interested to find out how wealthy your family is compared to the rest of the world? Other examples of transnational corporations include Coca-Cola, Disney, Nike, and ExxonMobil. This allows the car manufacturer to reduce the amount of storage space and capital that it needs to hold inventory, and also reduces the risk of parts becoming obsolete or damaged while in storage. Answer: Two economic consequences of urbanization include increased job opportunities and increased income inequality. Answer: Globalization can impact resource distribution by creating an increased demand for certain resources, leading to increased extraction and export of those resources from certain regions. Most fossil fuels, such as oil, natural gas and coal are considered nonrenewable resources in that their use is not sustainable because their formation takes billions of years. Reducing the development gap is vital for reducing uneven development. 462 0 obj <>/Encrypt 439 0 R/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2706587C4ED24248BF7CA5D6CAF1F8A0>]/Index[438 51]/Info 437 0 R/Length 113/Prev 337281/Root 440 0 R/Size 489/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream *Projects are often labour intensive and for the benefit of the local community e.g building a well or repairing irrigation ditches. Reduce child mortality. fd.f. Going down to even smaller scales, within a city core and peripheral areas can be spatially designated. Students cultivate their understanding of human geography through data and geographic analyses as they explore topics like patterns and spatial organization, human impacts and interactions with their environment, and spatial processes and societal changes. Sustainable Development Goals The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 goals adopted by the United Nations in 2015 to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all. f .=100,95d.f.=100,95 percent confidence. Some countries are much richer and much more powerful than others. C) Describe two economic consequences of migration, providing an example of each. A British charity called. AP Human Geography Course - AP Central | College Board Identify your study strength and weaknesses. E) Analyze the relationship between urbanization and globalization, providing at least one example of how globalization has influenced urbanization patterns. Most workers are in tertiary. Materials that other things are made from. True or false: tourism has helped Tunisias economy, as well as improving other development indicators. There are several types of economies, including: So an economy is basically people that buy things from the people that make things. For example, as more people consume goods and services, the production and disposal of waste can lead to increased pollution. Examples: lawyers, scientific companies, etc. The fast world, as distinct from the slow world, is defined by high-level telecommunication and transportation technology. Examples include the Maasai Mara in Kenya, the Amazon rainforest in South America, and the Borneo rainforest in Malaysia. Coffee is the product. Nations with high population density tend to be poverty-stricken as well, due to too many people in a given area competing for resources (agricultural, financial, etc). of the users don't pass the Uneven Development quiz! AP Human Geography 320 resources . Answer: Urban planning can mitigate the negative effects of urbanization by promoting sustainable development and creating green spaces. Raw materials are often made into more expensive goods or products in HICs, therefore boosting these economies instead, whilst LICs have to import these expensive goods, so economic growth remains low. The natural resource curse theory, or the paradox of plenty, essentially describes how countries that have vast amounts of a particular resource, are doomed for poor development. The middle countries (not LDC or MDC)- starting to industrialize.
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