In exposed areas, fresh gales are frequent during a Chinook, but strong gale- or storm-force winds are uncommon; most of the region's stormy winds come when a fast "westerly" jet stream lets air masses from temperate and subarctic latitudes clash. Tags. Winds play a significant role in determining and controlling climate and weather. If the disturbance lasts for more than 24 hours and gets to speeds of 61 kph (38 mph), it becomes known as a tropical depression.When a tropical depression speeds up to 63-117 kph (39-73 mph), it is known as a tropical storm, and is given a name. Kona Storm A borras) The term may originally have meant "wind from the A generic term used for precipitation that contains an abnormally high concentration of sulphuric and nitric acid. Euros The Greek name for the rainy, More than 277 centimeters (109 inches) of rain drenched Taiwan, leading to 461 deaths and $6.2 billion in damage.Noreasters and BlizzardsA nor'easter is a strong winter storm combining heavy snowfall, strong winds, and very cold temperatures. However, the most powerful tornadoes can have wind speeds of more than 482 kph (300 mph) and be more than 3 kilometers (2 miles) across. The word originally applied to such storms in Sudan, but has since expanded to cover similar storms in other desert regions. Iran. NWS San Francisco Glossary A warm and dry west wind (a type of foehn) which occurs on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountains. See full entry for 'warm' Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's Dictionary. It is the great equalizer of the atmosphere, transporting heat, moisture, pollutants, and dust great distances around the globe. fall wind blowing from the northwest down the Vardar valley in Greece to the Gulf of Description. These dust storms are often associated with dry, low-pressure areas and a lack of tropical storms.DoldrumsThe place where trade winds of the two hemispheres meet is called the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). In a rainy spell, most of the heavy moisture will be wrung out of the rising air as a consequence of crossing over the mountain ramparts before the air mass descends (and hence warms and dries) into the Fraser Canyon and the Thompson River-Okanagan area. ; It arises from a warm, dry, tropical air mass that is pulled northward by low-pressure cells moving eastward across the Mediterranean Sea, with the wind originating in the Arabian or Sahara deserts. Loo is a hot and dry local wind of the northern plains of India. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. hot wind. northeast trade wind when it is blowing stronger than usual on Cuba. strong east wind at the eastern end of Java. All eyes are on the potential for significant impacts in California and the . This may have been enough to strip the bark from trees. In the interior of North America, the Blackfoot people call these winds the "snow eater";[4] however, the more commonly used term "Chinook" originates from the name of the eponymous Chinook people, who lived near the ocean, along the lower Columbia River, where the term was first derived. This is a low-pressure system. Chinook wind Chinook winds, or simply Chinooks, are two types of prevailing warm, generally westerly winds in western North America: Coastal Chinooks and interior Chinooks. Even today, shipping depends on trade winds and the ocean currents they drive.In 1947, Norwegian explorer Thor Hyerdahl and a small crew used trade winds to travel from the coast of Peru to the coral reefs of French Polynesia, more than 6,920 kilometers (4,300 miles), in a sail-powered raft. It occurs when atmospheric pressure over eastern Europe is higher than over the Secondary or Periodic Winds Seasonal winds: These winds change their direction in different seasons. Matanuska Wind A Even when farmers take precautions to protect it, the wind can erode up to 2.5 kilograms of loess per square meter (1.6 pound per square foot) every year.The most famous example of this devastating windstorm is probably the Dust Bowl of 1930s North America. Germany has the most installed wind energy capacity, followed by Spain, the United States, India, and Denmark. Polar easterlies flow to low-pressure areas in sub-polar regions.WesterliesWesterlies are prevailing winds that blow from the west at midlatitudes. thunderstorm, a violent short-lived weather disturbance that is almost always associated with lightning, thunder, dense clouds, heavy rain or hail, and strong gusty winds.Thunderstorms arise when layers of warm, moist air rise in a large, swift updraft to cooler regions of the atmosphere.There the moisture contained in the updraft condenses to form towering cumulonimbus clouds and, eventually . These winds blow due to the difference in temperature and air pressure of a specific location. [citation needed]. Wind shear is measured in meters per second times kilometers of height. sudden, strong gust of wind coming up without warning, noted by whitecaps or white, broken However, typhoons have also been recorded as far as the U.S. states of Hawaii and even Alaska.Typhoons are often associated with extremely heavy rainfall. A brief treatment of winds follows. This change in the doldrums disturbs the usual air pressure, creating the moisture-laden Southeast Asian monsoon.Results of WindWind traveling at different speeds, different altitudes, and over water or land can cause different types of patterns and storms.Jet StreamsJet streams are geostrophic winds that form near the boundaries of air masses with different temperatures and humidity. strong, gusty, east-northeast wind, occurring in the vicinity of Juneau, Alaska, between Monsoons are part of the climate of Australia, Southeast Asia, and in the southwestern region of North America.The air over land is heated and cooled more quickly than the air over the ocean. but decreasing at night. These storm surges are extremely dangerous and cause 90 percent of all hurricane deaths.The deadliest hurricane on record is the Great Hurricane of 1780. Sometimes called the DOCTOR, because of its supposed healthful properties. The . Wind. As air above the land surface is heated by radiation from the Sun, it expands and begins to rise, being lighter than the surrounding air. Wind turbines have a tall tubular tower with two or three propeller-like blades rotating at the top. High-speed winds race around the globe between four and six miles above the earth, mostly from west to east. See full entry for 'wind' The official name for kamikaze strategy is tokktai. Many plants which do well at Winnipeg where constant cold maintains dormancy throughout the winter are difficult to grow in the Alberta Chinook belt. "Tornado Alley," a region that includes eastern South Dakota, southern Minnesota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, northern Texas, and eastern Colorado, is home to the most powerful and destructive of these storms.The most extreme tornado ever recorded occurred on March 18, 1925. In some cases, this takes places in the desert, as sand dunes migrate and change shape over time. Downburst is the general term for all localized strong wind events that are caused by a strong downdraft within a thunderstorm, while microburst simply refers to an especially small downburst that is less than 4 km across. In fact, another name for the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is the West Wind Drift. Henry James, Roderick Hudson, 1875, Related to Aeolus, the Greek keeper of the wind and king of the island of Aeolia (as described in the works of Homer), Aeolian means giving forth or marked by a moaning or sighing sound or musical tone produced by or as if by the wind or borne, deposited, produced, or eroded by the wind., Then it occurred to me that it would be a fine thing to climb one of the trees to obtain a wider outlook and get my ear close to the Aeolian music of its topmost branches. A supercell is a thunderstorm with a powerful, rotating updraft. However, Hurricane Ethel quickly dissipated. the confining fjords and are not noticeable 15 to 20 miles offshore. Weather Service calls a storm a blizzard when the storm has wind speeds of more than 56 kph (35 mph) and low visibility. Hurricane and Typhoon. Only one person died as a result of Hurricane Ethel, and damage to buildings and boats was limited to less than $2 million.Hurricanes bring destruction to coastal ecosystems and communities. They came to her in a vision in the form of snowflakes, and told her they were coming to get her. the western Mediterranean. storm (i.e., winds >64 knots) in the Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and Eastern Glossary of Meteorology (Ralph Huschke, ed., American Meteorological Society, 1959) Typically, the colours will change throughout the day, starting with yellow, orange, red, and pink shades in the morning as the sun comes up, grey shades at midday changing to pink / red colours, and then orange / yellow hues just before the sun sets. strong southeast wind in the vicinity of Palmer, Alaska, most frequent in the winter. be felt up to 100 miles out to sea. Damage to buildings, vehicles, roads, and shipping facilities is estimated at about $133.8 billion (adjusted for inflation). The wind occurs in every season, but it is more distinctive and numerous in the winter, when the unseasonable warming it brings differentiates it from the normal cold winter weather. (Weather Channel Glossary), Fremantle Doctor A cooling seabreeze These tornadoes can travel across the ground for dozens of kilometers and through several states.These violent storms occur around the world, but the United States is a major hotspot with about a thousand tornadoes every year. The air associated with a coastal Chinook is stable; this minimizes wind gusts and often keeps winds light in sheltered areas. of Palmer, Alaska. A Category 5 hurricane is the strongest storm possible on the Saffir-Simpson scale. See also Typhoon and Cyclone. Native legend of the Lil'wat subgroup of the St'at'imc tells of a girl named Chinook-Wind, who married Chinook Glacier, and moved to his country, which was in the area of today's Birkenhead River. Use of zephyr in English might have received a light push from William Shakespeare, who used it in his 1611 play Cymbeline: "Thou divine Nature, thou thyself thou blazon'st / In these two princely boys! [16] [17], Spearfish, South Dakota holds the world record for the fastest increase in temperature. A similar, local fhn wind regularly occurs in the Cook Inlet region in Alaska, as air moves over the Chugach Mountains between Prince William Sound and Portage Glacier. It Staples, Australia). In the 20th century, kamikaze became the informal name for suicide attacks during World War II. Secondly, if the downslope flow occurs following a loss of moisture through precipitation on the windward side of the mountain, the heat used to change the water into vapour (latent heat) is returned to the air parcel and warms it. Monsoons are most often associated with the Indian Ocean. dry wind blowing from the north over the northwest coast of the Mediterranean Sea, The islands of the Philippines, China, Vietnam, and Japan are the most affected. Siroccos carry tons of dust and sand throughout northern Africa, and contribute to wet weather as they reach Europe.squamish: fast-moving, cold wind that rushes down the narrow fjords of British Columbia, Canada. It is a rain shadow wind that results from the subsequent adiabatic warming of air that has dropped most of its moisture on windward slopes (see orographic lift ). This is why it is possible to have an especially cold spell even though, on average, global temperatures are rising. Can you outdo past winners of the National Spelli 12 Pairs of Commonly Confused Animal Words, 9 More Words That Sound Like Insults But Aren't, Great Big List of Beautiful and Useless Words, Vol. the fine weather mistral type. Tehuantepecer A Development is also growing quickly in France and China.Industry experts predict that if this pace of growth continues, by 2050, one-third of the worlds electricity needs could be met by wind. They impact weather, air travel and many other things that take place in our atmosphere. Derechos are associated with bands of rapidly moving showers or thunderstorms variously known as bow echoes, squall lines, or quasi-linear convective systems. [6] The snow partly sublimates[7] and partly melts and evaporates in the dry wind. above 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F). On January 10, 1911, the temperature decreased from 60 F to 13 F (16 C to 11 C), a 47 F (26.1 C) change in temperature.[21]. The wind can also pick up massive amounts of sand and sandblast rock formations into stunning sculptures. Like Hurricane Katrina, the Bhola Cyclone was a Category 3 storm. While weather refers to short-term changes in the atmosphere, climate refers to atmospheric changes over longer periods of time, usually defined as 30 years or more. Also called Northeaster. matter of minutes. (Glossary of Meteorology). [.] It was a calm and beautiful day, with only a slight zephyr to ripple the surface of the water, and rustle the woods on shore, and just warmth enough to prove the kindly disposition of Nature to her children. Santa Ana A In southwestern Alberta, one in 3 winter days is a chinook day; its frequency drops to one in 5 in the northeast. populated coastal plain) in the late afternoon or early evening, though they can occur at Areas where prevailing winds meet are called convergence zones. They fitted into the prevailing warm wind of patriotism. stormy southeast wind. Hurricane A severe tropical The warm air over the ocean rises, allowing cool land-air to flow in.Most winter monsoons are cool and dry, while summer monsoons are warm and moist. dry, dusty trade wind blowing off the Sahara Desert across the Gulf of Guinea and the Cape [11] Trains have been known to be derailed by interior Chinook winds. [citation needed]. Barber A strong At such times, it is possible for it to be cold at street level and much warmer at the tops of the skyscrapers and in higher terrain. This powerful updraft is called a mesocyclone.A mesocyclone contains rotating drafts of air 1 to 10 kilometers (1 to 6 miles) in the atmosphere. strong winds which blow through the Pali Pass above Honolulu, HI. (Glossary of Meteorology), ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The bank appears to be an approaching storm, but does not advance any further to the east. in Western Australia,often made note of during hot summer-time cricket matches. See also Hurricane and Cyclone. They consist of cold airstreams from the continental air mass pouring out of the interior plateau via certain river valleys and canyons penetrating the Coast Mountains towards the coast. Chinook winds have been observed to raise winter temperature, often from below 20C (4F) to as high as 1020C (5068F) for a few hours or days, then temperatures plummet to their base levels. Meaning "to blow with a dull roaring sound," it's encountered almost exclusively in the title of Emily Bront's 1847 novel Wuthering Heights. (Michael Polansky, As a consequence of the different adiabatic rates of moist and dry air, the air on the leeward slopes becomes warmer than equivalent elevations on the windward slopes. thunderstorm or violent squall, especially in the Mediterranean. 2023. As a consequence of the different adiabatic lapse rates of moist and dry air, the air on the leeward slopes becomes warmer than equivalent elevations on the windward slopes. Elements Chapter of Bowditch's "The American Practical Navigator" Contrastes Winds Thus, it also tells of a migration of people to the area or a war, depending on how the details of the legend might be read, with Chinook-wind taking the part of Helen in a First Nations analogue to the Trojan War. violent wind blowing from the land on the south coast of Cuba, especially near the Bight The most famous rain pattern in the world, the Southeast Asian monsoon, is a seasonal, moisture-laden trade wind.Besides ships and rainfall, trade winds can also carry particles of dust and sand for thousands of kilometers. 3. Deriving from Arabic, haboob refers to a violent dust storm or sandstorm. (Evert Wesker, Amsterdam, from the Chinese word "ty-fung". Also known as an upslope wind or upslope flow, the name anabatic wind stems from the Greek word "anabatos," which means "moving upward." This type of wind usually occurs on a . December to February. It can dry your clothes in summer and chill you to the bone in winter. Trade winds are generally very predictable. Anemometers are used with tornado data collectors, which measure the velocity, precipitation, and pressure of tornadoes.Tornadoes strength is measured according to the Fujita scale. strong and often violent wind occurring in many of the fjords of British Columbia. See also FALL WIND. norther. Services. Summer monsoons bring warmth and precipitation to India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Myanmar.The summer monsoon is essential for the health and economies of the Indian subcontinent. The wind was named after British sailor Samuel Cromwell, whose name the locals could not pronounce.Hawk: strong, cool breeze blowing westward through Chicago from Lake Michigan.levant: strong winds that blow from the Atlantic Ocean through the narrow Strait of Gibraltar in the western Mediterranean Sea. These are called a squamish in certain areas, rooted in the direction of such winds coming down out of Howe Sound, home to the Squamish people, and in Alaska are called a williwaw. with an outflow from the central Asiatic anticyclone which extends over the high land of popularized in "Paint Your Wagon" (Lerner and Lowe, 1951) and by the Kingston Maestro A The effects are similar to those of an Albertan interior Chinook, though not to the same extreme, partly because the Okanagan is relatively warmer than the Prairies, and partly because of the additional number of precipitation-catching mountain ranges between Kelowna and Calgary. 0 describes conditions that are so calm that smoke rises vertically. 12 describes a hurricane, and 13-17 are reserved only for tropical typhoons, the most powerful and potentially destructive wind systems.An anemometer is a device for measuring wind speed. Anchorage residents often believe the warm winds which melt snow and leave their streets slushy and muddy are a midwinter gift from Hawaii, following a common mistake that the warm winds come from the same place as the similar winds near the coasts in southern British Columbia, Washington, and Oregon. Winds carried volcanic ash and debris high in the atmosphere across the globe. It may See also FALL WIND. Meaning to blow with a dull roaring sound, its encountered almost exclusively in the title of Emily Bronts 1847 novel Wuthering Heights. [.] Dust Bowl storms could reduce visibility to a few feet, and earned names like "Black Blizzards." violent squall with thunder and lightning, encountered during the rainy season along the especially felt in the city of Christchurch. Joseph P. Kahn, The Boston Globe, 11 Nov. 2001. They Call the The slowly rotating blades can also kill birds and batsbut not nearly as many as cars, power lines, and high-rise buildings.The economic drawback to wind farms, however, is the wind itself. Dust storms, which are technically called haboobs, are most common in the Desert Southwest, but can make occasional appearances on the Plains and even in parts of the Corn Belt. Tornadoes can occur individually or in multiples, as two spinning vortexes of air rotating around each other. Monsoons always blow from cold to warm regions. It consists of (NWS San The trade winds or easterlies are the permanent east-to-west prevailing winds that flow in the Earth's equatorial region. In extreme cases, wind speeds can be of gale force or higher, and San Francisco is a coastal city in sunny California, and yet the author Mark Twain noticed that the coldest winter I ever spent was a summer in San Francisco!Wind affects the climate of a mountainous area differently. (Evert Wesker, Amsterdam, The Netherlands). Borasco A word, "habb", meaning wind. Interior Chinooks become less frequent further south in the United States, and are not as common north of Red Deer, but they can and do occur annually as far north as High Level in northwestern Alberta and Fort St. John in northeastern British Columbia, and as far south as Las Vegas, Nevada, and occasionally to Carlsbad, in eastern New Mexico. (Glossary of Meteorology), Foehn A warm dry wind All rights reserved. Updated: 4/28/2022 Wiki User 8y ago Study now See answer (1) Best Answer Copy A hot wind is called the loo. temperature by adiabatic compression. Listen closely and you can hear them rustling. Zephyros The ancient Greek name for the west This is a high-pressure system. by cloudy, foggy, and sometimes rainy weather especially in winter. It is intensified by strong mountain What Is the Jet Stream? If you have questions about how to cite anything on our website in your project or classroom presentation, please contact your teacher. Elephanta A The massive 1883 eruption of Krakatoa, an island volcano in Indonesia, had even more dramatic atmospheric results. If it's not blowing, there's no electricity generated.Still, use of wind energy has more than quadrupled between 2000 and 2006. results from an outbreak of cold air from the north. One of its most striking features of the interior Chinook weather system is the Chinook arch, a fhn cloud in the form of a band of stationary stratus clouds, caused by air rippling over the mountains due to orographic lifting. This clash of temperatures can remain stationary, or move back and forth, in the latter case causing such fluctuations as a warm morning, a bitterly cold afternoon, and a warm evening. 1. The tornado destroyed local communications, making warnings for the next town nearly impossible. desert through Santa Ana Pass. (Glossary of Weather and Brubu A name Shamal A summer R. Stewart. small isolated cloud marking the top of the invisible vortex of the storm. Called a SIROCCO in other parts of the Mediterranean area. Wind is the movement of air caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun. Storm surges and floods caused by those winds, however, caused the most damage. The tip of South America and Australia, as well as the islands of New Zealand, are the only large landmasses to penetrate the Roaring Forties. The temperature rise at the onset of the event is abrupt and steep; an increase of 27C in 2 minutes has been observed. Subway StormThe Great Blizzard of 1888 shut down roads and rails along the East Coast of the United States. They always blow from cold, high-pressure regions. Meteorologists name the storms in alphabetical order, and alternate with female and male names.When a storm reaches 119 kph (74 mph), it becomes a hurricane and is rated from 1 to 5 in severity on the Saffir Simpson scale. This is the strange, and sometimes dangerous . They occur from Nashi, N'aschi A winds off the coast of New England. Trio (1959), whose name may have originated with the 1941 book "Storm" by George National Geographic Headquarters 1145 17th Street NW Washington, DC 20036. Monsoons are part of a yearlong cycle of uneven heating and cooling of tropical and mid-latitude coastal regions. A derecho (pronounced similar to "deh-REY-cho" in English, or pronounced phonetically as " ") is a widespread, long-lived wind storm. In Minnesota, for example, tall towers throughout neighborhoods sound an alarm if a tornado is near.Measuring WindsWind is often measured in terms of wind shear. Coastal "Chinook" is not pronounced shin-uk (/nk/) as it is in the interior, east of the Cascades, but is in the original coastal pronunciation chin-uk (/tnk/).
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